German Shepherd Bloodlines - Page 9

The reason why male line is more important then female line ( female line = Going from female to female to female and so on ) is a result of dominance of the genes which enable it. Males of significance - males which created a line - influence line more then females due to their genetic dominance - which is the reason for the line in first place, and due to the sheer numbers of progeny they produce. That does not mean that some females are not more dominant then some males. They more definitely are. But the fact is that females are also result of male lines and there we are again talking about genetic dominance and sheer numbers of progeny.
The eugenics can only influence genes which are only there by turning them on or off, but can not change the dog's genetic makeup itself.
Prager Hans

There is a difference between female line versus influence of the female - which seems to be mixed here.
Female line is line following a line from a female to female to female and so on.
Influence of a female on the line is a different thing. Female may and does have influence on the line if her genes are dominant to do so and not just to be expressed in phenotype of her progeny but for purpose of the breeding in lines it also needs to be transmitted down the line.
We need to keep in mind that every female also has a male line. Which you can determined by going from that female to her sire and then to his sire and his and so on. That male line is more dominant for by me described reasons and thus expresses itself in such female which then has the propensity to express it in her progeny which is then influence of that particular female. I hope it is not too complicated.
Example if I merge 2 different lines let say male is 2nd and female is 3rd. Let say 3rd in this case tends to be more dominant then the second one thus this female will probably produce - at least- some progeny with qualities of a 2nd line.
In practice you will actually see in the same litter pups which look strictly like 2nd and some strictly like 3rd an some are mix and that is - I would hope - what we strive for if we do such mix. We want to merge qualities of both lines into one such pup.
But as I have said before that is only temporary condition which will change depending on to which line I will then breed such "mixed" pup. If I breed such "mix" ( pup expressing both lines) to 2nd then it is very likely that 2nd will prevail and if I will breed it to 3rd then 3rd is more likely prevail.
In such "mix " of two lines it is also important to be able to tell - by looking at the pup which line is expressing itself more and thus is more dominant. That is matter of experience and knowledge. What you do then with such pup is up to the breeder but I would go and breed that pup back to the line which the pup is expressing.
Prager Hans

Eugenics means absolutely nothing to do with what you said, care to try again.
 

If a male donkey is bred to a female horse, the result is a mule. If a fertile mollie mule is bred to a jack, the off spring is going to be a mule ( only the horse dna from the mule's mother is passed on). But if that fertile mollie mule is bred to a horse, the offspring is a horse, again, because only the mother dna from the mule (mother being a horse) is passed to the offspring. The father's dna is discarded, not used in the fertile egg of a mule. 
Dog's genetics don't work the same way because a dog bred to a dog produces another dog...a female donkey bred to a horse produces a hybred = mule.

Edit to correct:  donky x mollie mule = mule

Mules can be bred to horses??

How many / what proportion of mules of either sex
is fertile ?

“Experience” seems to be sounding more and more like “kennel blindness” in this situation. Only those with magical experience can see the traits the lines are known for in the puppies when the lines are mixed or when the lines aren’t mixed. Just seems to me like it still just boils down to people wanting to see certain traits in the puppies they’re producing and therefore through training and also a less than objective eye they lead themselves and others to believe the dogs from certain lines are X, Y, and Z. It’s a completely normal human response that when you produce and only work with your own preferred type of dog, the rest start to look way different, usually worse, and your own are elevated. On top of that, because the breeder likes certain traits, they’ll look for those traits and exaggerate any signs they see of those traits, especially to people that don’t know what they’re looking at in the first place and also others who don’t get to see the dog in person. This all leads to the idea that certain lines carry certain traits…but that idea might be far from the truth.

^ Good post.

Mules of either sex can breed, but seldom fertile, maybe one in a million. Not impossible.

 

http://messybeast.com/genetics/hybrid-equines.htm